Cross-Origin Resource Sharing (CORS) is a security mechanism that web browsers use to restrict how web pages on one domain can load resources from other domains. CORS policy is in place to enhance browsing security by preventing malicious websites from reading sensitive information from other sites without permission. However, for web developers, these security measures can pose significant challenges.

Basic Overview of CORS

CORS policy stems from the "same-origin policy" principle, which prohibits web pages from sharing resources unless they are from the same domain. This can be problematic when, for example, a web application hosted on domain A needs to load images, scripts, or any other resources from domain B.

Typical CORS Problems

1. Inability to Load Resources: The most common issue is that the browser blocks the loading of resources from external domains due to CORS policy, leading to errors in the browser console and the inability to use necessary resources.

2. Complex Server Configuration: Enabling resource sharing between different domains requires correctly configuring HTTP headers on the server hosting the resources. This necessitates certain technical knowledge and access to server configuration.

3. Security Risks: Improper CORS configuration can lead to security risks, such as unauthorized access to sensitive data.

Solving CORS Issues

1. Correct Server Configuration: The fundamental step is to properly configure HTTP headers on the server. To allow CORS, the server needs to set the Access-Control-Allow-Origin header and specify which domains can load the resources.

2. Proxy Server Utilization: If you don't have access to the server configuration of an external resource, using a proxy server can serve as a solution. The proxy server acts as an intermediary between your application and the external resource.

3. Development Solutions: For development purposes, various browser tools and extensions can temporarily bypass CORS policy. It's important to note that such solutions should not be used in a production environment due to security reasons.

Issues with CORS policy when loading resources from external domains can cause headaches for developers. It's crucial to understand how CORS works and be familiar with available methods for addressing it. Proper server configuration, proxy server usage, or development tools can effectively overcome these problems.